Since the outbreak of war in October 2023, more than 2.3 million people in the Gaza Strip have been living under catastrophic humanitarian conditions due to the systematic destruction of food, agricultural, and water resources, in addition to the prolonged closure of border crossings. Over 89% of water and sewage networks have been damaged, and more than 70% of water sources have ceased operation, including 47 pumping stations that were destroyed (20 completely and 27 partially). The capacity of desalination plants has dropped to only 30% of their potential due to bombardment, fuel shortages, and lack of electricity.

Statistics indicate that more than 97% of Gaza’s water is unfit for drinking, and that the water deficit exceeds 120 million cubic meters per year. UNICEF announced that 60% of Gaza’s drinking water production facilities are out of service, warning that the Strip is facing what it described as a “man-made drought” as a result of the blockade.